Many Chinese newcomers to Australia are a bit out of tune with the way the Turks and Australians spend their summer days. In the impression of some, China's summer is beer lobster and barbecue.
And for Aussie, Australia's mountains, water and sunshine, of course, should be used well, whether it's a blanket on the beach and a little tan on the beach.
Or step on the surfboard, in the waves and the sun under the sun to enjoy this moment.
Or bring a simple barbecue, three or five friends and relatives bathed in the sun and sit around in the sun and sit together on the beach, BBQ..
Can let the person enjoy this natural good environment, brings the summer excellent experience.
But unexpectedly, if the way to open the summer is not right, hidden in the air invisible killer, may let you unknowingly develop cancer! And the cancer is not rare in Australia.
01 what!? It is wrong that the air in Australia is too good.
When it comes to Australia, it will be praised for its pure sunshine and clear blue sky. Unexpectedly, this often mentioned advantage has become the main culprit for cancer in Australia.
Australia's air is so dusty that the ozone layer in the air is so thin. In this way, there is no effective "protective shield" to prevent ultraviolet rays from the sun directly to the ground, so that the human skin will be greatly hurt.
And for Australians who are keen to do all kinds of outdoor sports on the beach, Long-term exposure to ultraviolet light directly increases their risk of developing skin cancer (divided into melanoma and non-melanoma): according to the latest data from the Australian Cancer Society, (Cancer Council), Non-melanoma skin cancer accounts for 80% of all cancers examined in Australia every year, or 80% of Australian cancer patients are skin cancer patients.
(image from Globocan 2018)
In addition, two out of every three Australians were tested for skin cancer at age 70, according to data. From 1982 to 2010, the diagnostic rate of melanoma increased by 60%, and the number of non-melanoma skin cancers reached nine hundred and fifty thousand in 2007.
(image from Daily Mail)
According to the Daily Mail, Emma Betts is an optimistic and lovely Australian girl who, like other Australians, enjoys suntanning on the beach.
Two years ago, Emma went to the hospital after a stranger reminded her that she had a mole on her shoulder. It was unexpected that the doctor had told her it was a malignant melanoma and had reached the fourth stage of the disease, and she might have only three months left.
However, the strong Emma broke the curse of the disease to live to the present. For the past two years, she has been trying to appeal to people to pay attention to sunscreen.
"people of our age don't treat skin cancer as one thing," Emma said. "they live with the idea that early skin cancer is not fatal. But I still want to say that it's really not desirable to burn yourself to healthy brown skin at the cost of life. "
Australia is the country with the highest incidence of skin cancer in the world, but many Australians are unaware of it, and four out of 10 have never had a skin test.
Why did Australia become a "darling" of skin cancer?
According to the World Health Organization, nearly 9.6 million people will die from all types of cancer in 2018, according to the ranking of cancer cases in its 185 member countries, while Australia and New Zealand have the highest risk of developing cancer in the world.
According to the latest World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) data, Australia has the highest incidence of cancer in the world (468 per one hundred thousand people), and in addition, The incidence of cancer in Australia is 1.4 times higher than in the Netherlands, which ranks 10th (334.1 per one hundred thousand people will suffer from cancer).
(image from WCRF)
And the biggest driver behind helping Australia's "cancer rate" rise to the world's top spot is skin cancer.
(image from WCRF)
WCRF has strong evidence that drinking arsenic-containing water or alcoholic beverages increases the risk of skin cancer by having a larger birth weight base and longer stature. In addition, drinking coffee may reduce the risk of malignant skin cancer.
For this discovery, tall and birth weight base of friends is really very bitter ah.
For the first time, WCRF found that factors such as long-term light radiation, intake of certain drugs, and family genetic history also increase the risk of skin cancer.
(image from WCRF)
Looking at this list of global cancer rankings, people will be surprised to find that the higher the incidence of cancer, the higher the quality of life, the better health care, and the longer life expectancy.
(image from WHO data)
So what's the reason?
age
According to World Health Organization data on life expectancy for countries, most of the countries with the highest incidence of cancer have life expectancy of more than 80 years. Australia is one of the countries with higher life expectancy, reaching 84.8 years for women and 81 years for men.
According to the survey, cancer rates begin to rise exponentially when men and women are over the age of 55. Therefore, the better air quality developed countries, the higher the incidence of cancer, because in general, life expectancy will be longer there. In some backward countries in Africa, life expectancy is low, although the incidence is low, the level of medical care is very limited, and the survival rate is very low.
[医] mode of life
In terms of lifestyle, Australia's high incidence of skin cancer is caused by unhealthy habits of life in Australia: this is related to the fact that Australians prefer to go out to the sun without sunscreen and prefer sunbaths and so on.
In addition, Australians love outdoor dinner, BBQ is not allowed to become the first choice. And this kind of food is extremely unhealthy, in the salted barbecue process is extremely easy to produce carcinogens also can cause the related cancer.
But let's not worry too much, even if Australians have a high risk of cancer, the cancer mortality rate is not high because the Australian government and the medical community have always been committed to protecting it.
According to data from the Lancet magazine, one of the oldest and most valued peer-reviewed medical journals in the world, Australia has the highest incidence of melanoma (melanoma) in the world. But its five-year survival rate is still among the top in the world (11). Overall, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden ranked top among the five-year survival rates for most cancers.
(photo from 9 NEWS)
According to 9NEWS, Australian doctors have made a breakthrough in the treatment of advanced non-melanoma skin cancer, with new drugs that cure 50% of patients with advanced skin cancer.
World superstar Wolverine Hugh Jackman, from Sydney, NSW, Australia, has had skin cancer. However, due to timely discovery, active treatment, the body is still healthy, active on the screen.
03 Tip: how to identify and prevent skin cance
If skin cancer is discovered in time, it is actually easier to be treated; then how to identify their own mole is not good signs?
Skin cancer self-test website
First, the editor recommends a website to test your risk of melanoma skin cancer as a reference.
https://publications.qimrberghofer.edu.au/Custom/QSkinMelanomaRisk
This is the result of the editor's test, which is far less likely to develop melanoma skin cancer than other women of the same age. This test will be based on ethnic, family environment, location of residence, sex, age and other parameters to calculate and determine, produce a recommended result, can be used as a means of self-test prevention.
Changes of self-observing nevus
In addition, if you find that your mole has occurred as follows change, be sure to pay attention to it.
1. Asymmetry
Left: normal right: dangerous
2. Irregular boundary
Left: normal right: dangerous
3. Red and black
Left: normal right: dangerous
4. Diameter greater than 5 mm
(like an eraser on a pencil)
Left: normal right: dangerous
5. Color / shape / size constantly changing
Left: normal (never change) right: dangerous (change)
Guidelines for prevention of skin cance
It must be mentioned that the prevention of skin cancer can not be less, the most important is sunscreen. Many male friends think sunscreen is the only thing girls do, boys can be strange if sunscreen.
Editor here remind all male friends, for their health, this idea should be corrected in time oh.
1, clothing cover. Even in cloudy days, 70% of ultraviolet light is projected on the ground, penetrating the surface of the skin and destroying deep skin cells, causing cancer cells to grow. So walk outdoors during the day, wear hats, long sleeves, and so on.
2, apply sunscreen. It is best to apply sunscreen to all exposed skin. Apply sunscreen 20 to 30 minutes before you go out, don't think it's cloudy, there's no UV in the shade, UV intensity is reduced by 30%. Sunscreen can achieve sunscreen by absorption or reflection of ultraviolet pure method. Generally, the higher the (SPF), coefficient of sunscreen is, the better the effect is.
3. Healthy eating habits. Vitamin C and E help resist the sun. In addition, tea and coffee contain an anticancer substance called polyphenols, which inhibits free radical activity. Therefore, tea or coffee can also preempt skin cancer. Exercising and eating less smoked or carbonized foods can also reduce the risk of cancer.
Editor's concluding remarks:
Although Australia has the highest cancer rate in the world, this figure is also due to its longer life expectancy. In addition, Australia's medical authorities have been working on drugs to treat skin cancer, so there is no need to worry too much.
However, in the enjoyment of the unique Australian style of summer play, in order to their health, sunscreen must be fully done, this is also the most basic protection.
I hope everyone can have a pleasant and comfortable summer.