In the past two days, there have been two important news from the United States on the other side of the ocean.
First, Trump signed a decree that the United States is in a state of emergency, and American companies are required not to use core equipment made by companies that make up threat for national security. The move, of course, is aimed at Huawei.
Second, the United States parliament councillor proposed legislation to restrict Chinese citizen to study and academic exchanges in the United States. This directly involves foreign students.
"if you don`t get a visa for a Chinese student, can`t you get a visa?"
After the news came out, a number of foreign media carried out relevant reports.
Washington examiner reports:
The new bill aims to block China`s access to sensitive technology in the United States.
Radio Free Asia reports:
The legion of the united states is negotiating a bill to limit the visa of chinese students and researchers.
In addition, the domestic Xinhua Network also reported on the matter.
Specifically, the bill requires the State Department to stop issuing visas to students and exchange visitors associated with the Chinese military.
At the same time, for all Chinese citizen who apply to study in the United States or engage in academic exchanges, if their research disciplines are in the "Business Control list" in the United States, visa officers should consult the "Safety Advisory opinion." It means that the visa officer will send the applicant`s information back to Washington and conduct additional examination of the applicant.
As for the review cycle. Not yet.
So what is this "business control list"?
In fact, 14 technologies that affect the national security of the United States are listed by the parliament Research Service. In order to give you a detailed reference, the home page will release the specific content:
1. Biotechnology
For example:
(1) Nanobiology;
(2) synthetic biology;
(3) Genome and genetic engineering;
(4) Neuroscience.
2. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning technology
For example:
(1) Neural networks and deep learning (e.g. brain modeling, time series prediction, classification);
(2) Evolutionary and genetic calculations (e.g. genetic algorithms, genetic algorithms);
(3) Strengthen learning;
(4) computer vision (e.g. object recognition, image understanding);
(v) expert systems (e.g. decision support system, teaching system);
(VI) speech and audio processing (e.g. speech recognition and production);
(7) Natural language processing (e.g. machine translation);
(8) Planning (for example, scheduling, game);
(IX) Audio and video processing technologies (e.g. voice cloning, deepfakes);)
(X) AI cloud technology;
(11) AI chipset.
3. Positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) technology
4. Microprocessor technology
For example:
(1) on-chip system (SoC);
(2) on-chip stack memory (Stacked Memory on Chip).
5. advanced computing technology
For example: memory center logic (Memory-centric logic).)
6. Data analysis technology
For example:
(I) Visualization;
(2) automatic analysis algorithm;
(3) context-aware computing.
7. Quantum information and sensing technology
For example:
(1)Quantum computing;
(2) Quantum encryption;
(3) Quantum sensing.
8. Logistics technology
For example:
(1) moving electric power;
(2) Modeling and simulation;
(3) visibility of full assets;
(4) Logistics distribution system (DBLS).
9. material addition manufacturing
For example: 3D printing.
10, robot
For example:
(I) Micro UAV and micro robot systems;
(2) Cluster technology;
(3) automatic assembly robot;
(4) Molecular robot;
(5) Robot compiler;
(6) Intelligent dust.
11, brain-computer interface
For example:
(1) Neural control interface;
(2) consciousness-machine interface;
(3) Direct neural interface;
(4) brain-computer interface.
12, hypersonic aerodynamics
For example:
(1) Flight control algorithm;
(2) Propulsive technology;
(3) Thermal protection system;
(4) Special materials (for structures, sensors, etc.).
13. Advanced materials
For example:
(1) Adaptive camouflage;
(II) functional textiles (e.g. advanced fiber and fabric technology);
(3) Biomaterials.
14. Advanced monitoring technology
For example: facade and voiceprint technology.
In addition, the bill also provides for a number of other projects, such as civil aircraft, advanced medical care, construction equipment, agricultural machinery, lithium battery manufacturing and so on.
In short, once the bill does come into effect, if people want to go to the United States to study any of the above technologies, you will face an unspecified deadline when you apply for a visa.
That`s not enough to dispel the hate. Parliament councillor also believes that with the exception of the United States, countries with a large number of Chinese students, such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, should take similar measures.
Is this to block Chinese students and scholars in related fields around the world?
It is becoming more and more difficult for foreign students to apply for a visa.
It is well known that since Trump came to power, Chinese students have been regarded as a spy hazard, and it is for this reason that Trump government has been tightening the issuance of visas for foreign students.
December 2017,
In the National Security Strategy report, Trump put forward a policy: to restrict visas to prevent foreigners from stealing intellectual property rights, and this foreigner refers to going to the United States to study science, engineering. Chinese people in mathematics and science and technology.
In February 2018, the US government continued to step up its vetting of mainland Chinese applicants. A random telephone survey will be conducted 1 / 3 days before the interview, which involves many issues, such as study planning, cost budget, major, graduation plan, and so on, which makes it more difficult for many foreign students to apply for visas.
Moreover, under the new rules, U.S. consulate officials can require visa applicants to provide all past passport numbers, social media accounts, email addresses, telephone numbers, and personal information for 15 years. Including past residence address, employment and travel history.
Officials also have the right to request additional information if they believe that certain information will be effective for identification or stricter security reviews.
This process of turning the house out for censorship is not only troublesome, but also undignified.
In May 2018, Trump government plans to tighten visas for Chinese students majoring in high technology, which will be limited to one year. According to White House officials, Trump government requires that all visas for Chinese students majoring in robotics, aerospace and high-tech manufacturing will be limited to one year. The aim is to "reduce economic theft by non-traditional intelligence collectors."
In October 2018, Financial Times revealed that government had considered banning student visas to citizen in China.
By March this year, a number of foreign students were personally exposed that their visa review to the United States encountered trouble.
Many students in the process of returning to school or application, have encountered "administrative review", so far visa has not been heard from. The most serious was even delayed for 18 months, unable to complete school, can only choose "quit".
For a long time, the United States has been reducing the issuance of visas for Chinese students.
As of September 30, 2017, 394000 F / 1 visas had been issued in the United States, 17% less than in the same period last year, according to a survey released by the State Department. Among them, the number of visas obtained by Chinese students has plummeted by 24%!
Now, Trump government not only continues to increase the visa vetting system for Chinese students to the United States, but also hopes that many major countries to study abroad, like the United States, will frantically block Chinese students and scholars.
Isn`t Trump`s brain in the water?
Fortunately, not all Americans are as fanatical as Trump, and some universities are openly opposed.
On February 21, UC Berkley issued a statement saying:
Suspicions based on a person`s country of origin can lead to terrible injustice.
On March 7, Stanford University issued a statement saying:
International cooperation is essential to promote knowledge and innovation. While committed to promoting innovation and protecting national security, we must also reject all forms of prejudice and discrimination.
On March 28, the University of Michigan issued a statement saying:
One of the underrecognized benefits of international exchanges is that they can make our world safer.
On April 22, UC Davies issued a statement saying:
International students, teachers and visiting scholars are an important part of our internationalization and national population diversity, and an essential element for us to maintain excellence.
All of them are telling Chuan Pu government that they don`t guess about Chinese students. They are not so-called spy!
Trump, however, turned a deaf ear to it.
Today, Trump government is still working on law provisions that are not conducive to Chinese students.
And once the bill is passed, even if these universities invite Chinese students, how many students will be able to complete their studies smoothly in the face of difficult visa audits?
In fact, there is no need to worry too much that government in the United States will not drive out all Chinese students across the board.
Is the nightmare of applying for the party coming?
Before you figure out why, find out what Chinese students can bring to the United States to study in the United States.
First of all, it is the economic factor.
You know, the United States has a huge trade deficit with China for a long time, but it has a surplus in education.
The reason is that tuition fees and living expenses are high in the United States.
According to the International Association of educators, foreign students contributed $36.9 billion to economic in the 2016 academic year, compared with a total of 7.6 billion yuan spent abroad by Americans studying abroad in 2016, that is to say, The United States has a surplus of nearly 32 billion yuan in higher education.
In 2016, the total number of students studying in the United States from mainland in China was 350755, accounting for 33 percent of the total number of students studying in the United States, which shows that Chinese students contribute to the trade surplus of the United States, accounting for a large proportion.
Experts said that 39.4 billion yuan is mainly tuition fees, such as accommodation and other expenses, the total may be close to 50 billion US dollars! In 2017, the total value of American minibus exports is only 52 billion, civil aircraft 56 billion, semiconductors 48 billion. It can be said that the economic profits brought by Chinese students to the United States can not be ignored!
Moreover, foreign students have become an important source of financial resources for American universities because they usually pay full tuition fees. At many public universities, they often pay twice or three times as much as American students, and losing that income will be a big loss, both for schools and for local students.
In addition, the flow of talent and technology in the United States will also be hindered to a certain extent.
At the Harvard China Forum held in April 2018, Stephen Orlins, president of the US-China National Committee, said that tightening the Chinese student visa would be a tragedy. This is limiting the ability of the two countries to connect with each other. The contribution of Chinese talents to Sino-US relations and American innovation.
As recently as October last year, American experts also recognized the importance of Chinese students.
Edward Alden, an immigration expert at the local Think Tank agency in the United States, commented,
"rejecting foreign students will do great harm to economic in the United States."
Turning away foreign students would do enormous damage to the US economy.
"the United States has always attracted the largest proportion of the most talented immigrants in the world because they first came to the United States to study in the world`s top schools. If we shut down this channel, the United States will become poorer and weaker. "
The US has long attracted the lion’s share of the world’s most talented immigrants because they come here initially to attend the world’s best universities. If we shut off that pipeline, the US will become poorer and weaker.
Michael Green, a professor at Georgetown University who has served as a senior adviser to the White House on Asia, agrees,
"A large number of Chinese students who come to the United States to study are not threat, but bridges of communication."
The overwhelming majority of Chinese students studying in the US become bridges not threats.
Yes, both famous universities and experts on related issues are recognizing the importance of Chinese students.
So Trump government`s so-called "policy for foreign students" is in fact more like a bargaining chip to put pressure on the Chinese in a trade war.
In other words, Trump government threatened that restricting student visas might be just a negotiating strategy to force China`s change trade practices.
However, this approach still hurts the feelings of foreign students.
We came to the United States thousands of miles, paid much higher tuition fees than local students, endured strange and dangerous environments, just to learn advanced knowledge, to enrich and improve ourselves.
The reality, however, is that we should not only bear unprovoked suspicion, but also be used as a bargaining chip in the United States as a bargaining chip in the game. While we are already undertaking heavy homework, we also have to bear these pressures that do not belong to us!
Facing the economic pressure caused by the devaluation of the RMB, on the other hand, it has to face the visa pressure of the government in the United States.
It is outrageous that the United States has trampled on the feelings of foreign students so unscrupulously, hindering and harming the rights and interests of foreign students in various ways.
We hope that this kind of behavior can be contained, and that the rights and interests of foreign students can be effectively protected.
Because, academically, there is no nationality.
